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ECHELON
neoLight: ECHELON ECHELON is a term associated with a global network of computers that automatically search through millions of intercepted messages for pre-programmed keywords or fax, telex and e-mail addresses. Every word of every message in the frequencies and channels selected at a station is automatically searched. The processors in the network are known as the ECHELON Dictionaries. ECHELON connects all these computers and allows the individual stations to function as distributed elements an integrated system. An ECHELON station's Dictionary contains not only its parent agency's chosen keywords, but also lists for each of the other four agencies in the UKUSA system [NSA, GCHQ, DSD, GCSB and CSE] Эшелон / Echelon АНБ является главным оператором системы радиоэлектронной разведки "Эшелон", которая в состоянии перехватывать информацию по всему миру. К примеру, в 90-е годы считалось, что АНБ контролирует всю информацию, передаваемую через спутники связи "Интелсат", через которые работали многие мировые операторы дальней связи, в том числе и российские. Дело в том, что в распоряжении АНБ находятся станции наземного слежения, расположенные по всему миру. К примеру, станция в Морвенстау (Великобритания) перехватывает информацию со спутников над Атлантическим океаном, Европой и Индийским океаном, станция Шуга Гроув в Западной Виргинии (США) отслеживает пространство над Атлантическим океаном, Северной и Южной Америки, станция Гералдтон (Новая Зеландия) - направлена на перехват сообщений со спутников "Интелсат" над Тихим и Индийским океанами и т.п. В состав "Эшелона" также входят станции Menwith Hill и Bude в Великобритании, Waihopai в Новой Зеландии или Yakima под Вашингтоном в США. Для перехвата информации на территории России был создан специальный центр радио- и радиотехнической разведки, расположенный недалеко от Аугсбурга (Германия). Это крупнейший центр перехвата АНБ: его главная антенна диаметром 300 м и высотой 30 м., а служебные помещения центра расположены под землей на глубине 25 м на 12 этажах. В систему входят геостационарные спутники, которые выполняют радиоперехват сообщений, передаваемых по космическим, тропосферным, радиорелейным и другим линиям радиосвязи. Американцы используют систему для промышленного шпионажа против европейских стран. Например, полученные с помощью "Эшелона" сведения помогли США сорвать контракт стоимостью 6 млрд. долларов по поставке самолетов Airbus из Франции в Саудовскую Аравию. В апреле 2001 года в Европарламенте прошли слушания по этой проблеме, где выступали эксперты, принимавшие участие в создании системы глобального шпионажа, и рассматривался вопрос легитимности такой деятельности против европейских государств.
Ответов - 3
neoLight: Эшелон «Эшелон» — глобальная система радиоэлектронной разведки, главным оператором которой является Агентство национальной безопасности США. «Эшелон» располагает разветвлённой инфраструктурой, включающей в себя станции наземного слежения, расположенные по всему миру. В системе «Эшелон» участвуют: Агентство национальной безопасности США Australian Defense Signals Directorate (DSD) Центр правительственной связи Великобритании GCHQ NZ Government Communications Security Bureau Canada Communications Security Establishment (CSE). Кроме того, «Эшелон» использует технологическую инфраструктуру ряда других стран. Официальная история «Эшелона» начинается в 1947 году, когда между США и Англией было заключено секретное соглашение «UKUSA Agreement», по которому эти страны объединяли свои технические и людские ресурсы в сфере глобального электронного шпионажа. Базой для «Эшелона» послужили мощные подразделения технической разведки, созданные в годы Второй мировой войны спецслужбами США и Великобритании. Именно они приступили к созданию всемирной системы прослушивания. Обязанности участников альянса были чётко оговорены в «UKUSA Agreement». Чуть позже к США и Англии присоединились Канада, Австралия и Новая Зеландия.Руководители радиоразведок стран «пятерки» ежегодно собирались вместе, чтобы обсудить вопросы планирования и координации деятельности по направлениям глобальной разведки.[2] Затем к альянсу присоединился ряд стран НАТО, в том числе Норвегия, Дания, ФРГ и Турция. Появление геостационарных спутников дало «Эшелону» новые возможности. Согласно отчету Европарламента 2001 года, страны «пятерки» в принципе могли перехватывать все телефонные разговоры, факсовые сообщения и передачу данных, идущих через эти спутники. Новозеландский журналист Ники Хейгер первым привлек внимание общественности к деятельности «Эшелона» в серии журналистских расследований, в которых утверждал, что с помощью «Эшелона» Агентство национальной безопасности ежедневно перехватывает 2 млрд телефонных и интернет-сообщений. Его книга Secret Power — New Zealand’s Role in the International Spy Network была опубликована в 1996 году. Кроме того, стало известно, что американцы, наряду с использованием «Эшелона» для сбора военно-политической информации используют систему для промышленного шпионажа против европейских стран. В апреле 2001 года в Европарламенте прошли слушания по этой проблеме, где выступали эксперты, принимавшие участие в создании системы глобального шпионажа, и рассматривался вопрос легитимности такой деятельности против европейских государств. Инфраструктура Согласно отчету Европарламента 2001 года, «Эшелон» в состоянии вести перехват микроволновых радиопередач, спутниковых коммуникаций, средств мобильной связи, а также сообщений, передаваемых по оптоволоконным каналам. В отчете упоминаются следующие крупнейшие станции перехвата сообщений с телекоммуникационных спутников: Гонконг, Китай (в настоящее время закрыта) Geraldton,Западная Австралия Menwith Hill, Йоркшир, Великобритания Мисава, Япония GCHQ Bude,Корнуолл, Великобритания Pine Gap, Северная Территория, Австралия Sugar Grove, Западная Вирджиния, США Yakima Training Center, США, штат Вашингтон GCSB Waihopai, Новая Зеландия. Кроме того, в этом отчете упомянут ряд других станций, предположительно имеющих отношение к «Эшелону»: Ayios Nikolaos (Кипр, база Великобритании) Bad Aibling Station (база США в Германии, в 2004 году перемещена в Грисхейм, 7 км к западу от Дармштадта) Buckley Air Force Base (база ВВС США, штат Колорадо) Fort Gordon (Джорджия, США) Gander (Канада, провинция Ньюфаунленд и Лабрадор) Guam (база США в Тихом океане) Kunia (Гавайские острова, США) Leitrim (Канада, провинция Онтарио) Lackland Air Force Base, Medina Annex (Сан-Антонио, Техас, США).
neoLight: ECHELON intercept station at Menwith Hill, England. Rumors have abounded for several years of a massive system designed to intercept virtually all email and fax traffic in the world and subject it to automated analysis, despite laws in many nations (including this one) barring such activity. The laws were circumvented by a mutual pact among five nations. It's illegal for the United States to spy on it's citizens. Likewise the same for Great Britain. But under the terms of the UKUSA agreement, Britain spies on Americans and America spies on British citizens and the two groups trade data. Technically, it may be legal, but the intent to evade the spirit of the laws protecting the citizens of those two nations is clear. The system is called ECHELON, and had been rumored to be in development since 1947, the result of the UKUSA treaty signed by the governments of the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. The purpose of the UKUSA agreement was to create a single vast global intelligence organization sharing common goals and a common agenda, spying on the world and sharing the data. The uniformity of operation is such that NSA operatives from Fort Meade could work from Menwith Hill to intercept local communications without either nation having to formally approve or disclose the interception. What is ECHELON used for? In the days of the cold war, ECHELON's primary purpose was to keep an eye on the U.S.S.R. In the wake of the fall of the U.S.S.R. ECHELON justifies it's continued multi-billion dollar expense with the claim that it is being used to fight "terrorism", the catch-all phrase used to justify any and all abuses of civil rights. With the exposure of the APEC scandal, however, ECHELON's capabilities have come under renewed scrutiny and criticism by many nations. Although not directly implicated in the bugging of the Asia Pacific Economic Conference in Seattle, the use of so many U.S. Intelligence agencies to bug the conference for the purpose of providing commercial secrets to DNC donors raised the very real possability that ECHELON's all-hearing ears were prying corporate secrets loose for the advantage of the favored few. Given that real terrorists and drug runners would always use illegal cryptographic methods anyway, the USA led attempt to ban strong crypto to the general populace seemed geared towards keeping corporate secrets readable to ECHELON, rather than any real attempt at crime prevention. The cover blows off! Even close allies do not like it when they are being spied on. Especially if the objective is not law enforcement but corporate shenanigans to make rich politicians just that much richer. So, the Civil Liberties Committee of the European Parliament looked into ECHELON, and officially confirmed it's existence and purpose. Tuesday 16 December 1997 Issue 936 A European Commission report warns that the United States has developed an extensive network spying on European citizens and we should all be worried. Simon Davies reports A GLOBAL electronic spy network that can eavesdrop on every telephone, email and telex communication around the world will be officially acknowledged for the first time in a European Commission report to be delivered this week. The report - Assessing the Technologies of Political Control - was commissioned last year by the Civil Liberties Committee of the European Parliament. It contains details of a network of American-controlled intelligence stations on British soil and around the world, that "routinely and indiscriminately" monitor countless phone, fax and email messages. It states: "Within Europe all email telephone and fax communications are routinely intercepted by the United States National Security Agency transfering all target information from the European mainland via the strategic hub of London then by satellite to Fort Meade in Maryland via the crucial hub at Menwith Hill in the North York moors in the UK." The report confirms for the first time the existence of the secretive ECHELON system. Until now, evidence of such astounding technology has been patchy and anecdotal. But the report - to be discussed on Thursday by the committee of the office of Science and Technology Assessment in Luxembourg - confirms that the citizens of Britain and other European states are subject to an intensity of surveillance far in excess of that imagined by most parliaments. Its findings are certain to excite the concern of MEPs. "The ECHELON system forms part of the UKUSA system (Cooking up a charter for snooping) but unlike many of the electronic spy systems developed during the Cold War, ECHELON is designed primarily for non-military targets: governments, organizations and businesses in virtually every country. "The ECHELON system works by indiscriminately intercepting very large quantities of communications and then siphoning out what is valuable using artificial intelligence aids like MEMEX to find key words". According to the report, ECHELON uses a number of national dictionaries containing key words of interest to each country. For more than a decade, former agents of US, British, Canadian and New Zealand national security agencies have claimed that the monitoring of electronic communications has become endemic throughout the world. Rumours have circulated that new technologies have been developed which have the capability to search most of the world's telex, fax and email networks for "key words". Phone calls, they claim, can be automatically analysed for key words. Former signals intelligence operatives have claimed that spy bases controlled by America have the ability to search nearly all data communications for key words. They claim that ECHELON automatically analyses most email messaging for "precursor" data which assists intelligence agencies to determine targets. According to former Canadian Security Establishment agent Mike Frost, a voice recognition system called Oratory has been used for some years to intercept diplomatic calls. The driving force behind the report is Glyn Ford, Labour MEP for Greater Manchester East. He believes that the report is crucial to the future of civil liberties in Europe. "In the civil liberties committee we spend a great deal of time debating issues such as free movement, immigration and drugs. Technology always sits at the centre of these discussions. There are times in history when technology helps democratise, and times when it helps centralise. This is a time of centralisation. The justice and home affairs pillar of Europe has become more powerful without a corresponding strengthening of civil liberties." The report recommends a variety of measures for dealing with the increasing power of the technologies of surveillance being used at Menwith Hill and other centres. It bluntly advises: "The European Parliament should reject proposals from the United States for making private messages via the global communications network (Internet) accessible to US intelligence agencies." The report also urges a fundamental review of the involvement of the American NSA (National Security Agency) in Europe, suggesting that their activities be either scaled down, or become more open and accountable. Such concerns have been privately expressed by governments and MEPs since the Cold War, but surveillance has continued to expand. US intelligence activity in Britain has enjoyed a steady growth throughout the past two decades. The principal motivation for this rush of development is the US interest in commercial espionage. In the Fifties, during the development of the "special relationship" between America and Britain, one US institution was singled out for special attention. The NSA, the world's biggest and most powerful signals intelligence organisation, received approval to set up a network of spy stations throughout Britain. Their role was to provide military, diplomatic and economic intelligence by intercepting communications from throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The NSA is one of the shadowiest of the US intelligence agencies. Until a few years ago, it existence was a secret and its charter and any mention of its duties are still classified. However, it does have a Web site (www.nsa.gov:8080) in which it describes itself as being responsible for the signals intelligence and communications security activities of the US government. One of its bases, Menwith Hill, was to become the biggest spy station in the world. Its ears - known as radomes - are capable of listening in to vast chunks of the communications spectrum throughout Europe and the old Soviet Union. In its first decade the base sucked data from cables and microwave links running through a nearby Post Office tower, but the communications revolutions of the Seventies and Eighties gave the base a capability that even its architects could scarcely have been able to imagine. With the creation of Intelsat and digital telecommunications, Menwith and other stations developed the capability to eavesdrop on an extensive scale on fax, telex and voice messages. Then, with the development of the Internet, electronic mail and electronic commerce, the listening posts were able to increase their monitoring capability to eavesdrop on an unprecedented spectrum of personal and business communications. This activity has been all but ignored by the UK Parliament. When Labour MPs raised questions about the activities of the NSA, the Government invoked secrecy rules. It has been the same for 40 years. Glyn Ford hopes that his report may be the first step in a long road to more openness. "Some democratically elected body should surely have a right to know at some level. At the moment that's nowhere". Copyright Telegraph Group Limited 1997. Terms & Conditions of reading. Information about Telegraph Group Limited and Electronic Telegraph. "Electronic Telegraph" and "The Daily Telegraph" are trademarks of Telegraph Group Limited. These marks may not be copied or used without permission. Information for webmasters linking to Electronic Telegraph.
neoLight: Стой !, опасная зона, работа электронного мозга Somebody's listening and they don't give a damn about personal privacy or commercial confidence. Project 415 is a top-secret new global surveillance system. It can tap into a billion calls a year in the UK alone. Inside Duncan Campbell on how spying entered the 21st century In the booming surveillance industry they spy on whom they wish, when they wish, protected by barriers of secrecy, fortified by billions of pounds worth of high, high technology. Duncan Campbell reports from the United States on the secret Anglo-American plan for a global electronic spy system for the 21st century capable of listening in to most of us most of the time American, British and Allied intelligence agencies are soon to embark on a massive, billion-dollar expansion of their global electronic surveillance system. According to information given recently in secret to the US Congress, the surveillance system will enable the agencies to monitor and analyse civilian communications into the 21st century. Identified for the moment as Project P415, the system will be run by the US National Security Agency (NSA). But the intelligence agencies of many other countries will be closely involved with the new network, including those from Britain, Australia, Germany and Japan--and, surprisingly, the People's Republic of China. New satellite stations and monitoring centres are to be built around the world, and a chain of new satellites launched, so that NSA and its British counterpart, the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) at Cheltenham, may keep abreast of the burgeoning international telecommunications traffic. The largest overseas station in the Project P415 network is the US satellite and communications base at Menwith Hill. near Harrogate in Yorkshire. It is run undercover by the NSA and taps into all Britain's main national and international communications networks (New Statesman, 7 August 1980). Although high technology stations such as Menwith Hill are primarily intended to monitor international communications, according to US experts their capability can be, and has been, turned inwards on domestic traffic. Menwith Hill, in particular, has been accused by a former employee of gross corruption and the monitoring of domestic calls. Добро пожаловать в мир подслушивания и подсматривания и многие преклоняются перед зверем, ставя начертание мышкой на правую руку и чело, глядя в монитор и тыкая пальцами в дисплеи телефонов, подчиняясь зверю и правилам всемирной широкой паутины WELCOME to WWW , feel the power of the BEAST , o yeah .. hello , HELLO my new hero , hello the last hero .
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